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Late-Life Depression as a Possible Predictor of Dementia

Cross-Sectional and Short-Term Follow-Up Results

Received February 24, 1998; revised July 5, 1998; accepted August 31, 1998. From Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care, North York, Ontario, Canada. Address correspondence to Dr. van Reekum, Department of Psychiatry, Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care, 3560 Bathurst St., North York, Ontario, M6A 2E1 Canada. e-mail: robert.vanreekum{at}utoronto.ca

The authors explored cognitive functioning of a group of elderly subjects with depression. The group as a whole, and, in particular, the late-onset group (LOD), demonstrated cognitive impairment on the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale (MDRS). Subgroup differences were significant at P=0.004. This between-group difference was not seen when age and level of education were controlled. In the LOD group, 47.5% (vs. 31.5% of the early-onset group [P=0.025]), scored below the cutoff for dementia. Age-at-onset status in a logistic regression model predicted MDRS category, and treatment of the depression had little effect on cognition. Results support the hypothesis that late-life depression, particularly LOD, is associated with cognitive impairment that may represent early AD.

Key Words: Depression • Alzheimer's Disease • Prediction

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