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From the Alzheimer’s Research & Clinical Programs, Medical University of South Carolina and the Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC (JEM); the Department of Psychiatry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (LET); Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, CT (CDB, RNM); Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Braine l’Alleud, Belgium (RS); and Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Princeton, NJ (RDM, AF).
Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of aripiprazole for psychosis associated with Alzheimer dementia (AD).
Methods: In this double-blind, multicenter study, 487 institutionalized patients with psychosis associated with AD were randomized to placebo or aripiprazole, 2, 5 or 10 mg/day. Primary efficacy assessment was the mean change from baseline to week 10 on the Neuropsychiatric Inventory–Nursing Home (NPI-NH) version Psychosis Subscale score. Secondary measures included NPI-NH Total, Clinical Global Impression–Severity of Illness (CGI-S), Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) Core and Total, and the Cohen–Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI) scores.
Results: Aripiprazole 10 mg/day showed significantly greater improvements (mean change [2 x SD]) than placebo on the NPI-NH Psychosis Subscale (–6.87 [8.6] versus –5.13 [10.0]; F = 6.29, df = 1, 422, p = 0.013 by analysis of covariance [ANCOVA]); CGI-S (–0.72 [1.8] versus –0.46 [1.6]; F = 4.68, df = 1, 419, p = 0.031 [ANCOVA]); BPRS Total (–7.12 [18.4] versus –4.17 [21.6]; F = 4.72, df = 1, 399, p = 0.030 [ANCOVA]); BPRS Core (–3.07 [6.9] versus –1.74 [7.8]; F = 7.30, df = 1, 407, p = 0.007 [ANCOVA]); CMAI (–10.96 [22.6] versus –6.64 [28.6]; F = 5.23, df = 1, 410, p = 0.023 [ANCOVA]), and NPI-NH Psychosis response rate (65 versus 50%; 
2 = 5.52, df = 1, p = 0.019 [CMH]). Aripiprazole 5 mg/day showed significant improvements versus placebo on BPRS and CMAI scores. Aripiprazole 2 mg/day was not efficacious. Cerebrovascular adverse events were reported: aripiprazole 2 mg/day, N = 1; 5 mg/day, N = 2; 10 mg/day, N = 4; placebo, N = 0. No deaths in any group (aripiprazole 2 mg/day, 3%; 5 mg/day, 2%; 10 mg/day, 7%; placebo, 3%) were considered to be treatment-related.
Conclusion: Aripiprazole 10 mg/day was efficacious and safe for psychosis associated with AD, significantly improving psychotic symptoms, agitation, and clinical global impression. However, clinicians should be aware of the safety considerations of atypical antipsychotic uses in this population.
Key Words: Psychosis • Alzheimer dementia • atypical • antipsychotic • aripiprazole
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