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Cognitive Impairment of Acute Onset in the Consortium to Investigate Vascular Impairment of Cognition (CIVIC) Study: Occurrence, Correlates, and Outcomes

From the Division of Geriatric Medicine, Dalhousie University (PKK, XS, KR); and Institute for Biodiagnostics–Atlantic, National Research Council of Canada, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada (XS).

Objective: Having demonstrated that dementia of acute onset represents a distinct syndrome with distinct outcomes, the authors investigated whether similar attributes describe cognitive impairment of acute onset (CIAO).

Methods: The authors conducted a secondary analysis of the Consortium to Investigate Vascular Impairment of Cognition study.

Results: Ninety patients met our criteria for CIAO. Compared with cognitive impairment of gradual onset, CIAO was associated with vascular features (odds ratio [OR]: 12.3, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.2–47.9), dementias other than Alzheimer disease (OR: 6.5, 95% CI: 2.1–20.8), and decreased survival (hazard ratio: 2.8, 95% CI: 1.6–4.6).

Conclusions: Patients with CIAO are clinically identifiable and have distinct outcomes.

Key Words: Cognitive impairment • acute onset • vascular