| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ALL ISSUES | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Regular Article |
Received May 18, 2001; revised July 10, 2001; accepted July 27, 2001. From the UCLA Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Brain Mapping Division, Ahmanson-Lovelace Brain Mapping Center. Address correspondence to Dr. Bookheimer, UCLA Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Brain Mapping Division, Ahmanson-Lovelace Brain Mapping Center, Rm. 205, 660 Charles E. Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA 90095-7085. e-mail: sbook{at}ucla.edu
Previous studies with positron-emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have indicated differences in neural metabolism and activity between carriers of the APOE 
4 allele and those who are not at risk for Alzheimer disease (AD). Persons without dementia carrying the 4 allele showed greater magnitude and extent of brain activation than noncarriers in regions required for memory, suggesting they performed additional cognitive work to accomplish the same task. To determine whether the fMRI differences were specific to a memory task or generalizable to any difficult cognitive task, the authors performed fMRI and compared images from 25 subjects with and without the APOE 4 allele. In the most difficult conditions, all subjects showed increased MR signal in the prefrontal cortex, indicating increased cognitive effort. However, the two genetic groups showed no differences in activation patterns even at the most difficult task level, suggesting that additional cognitive effort in persons at genetic risk for AD is specific to episodic encoding and is not merely a reflection of task difficulty.
Key Words: Alzheimer disease • MRI Studies • Genetic Risk
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  M. A. Yassa, G. Verduzco, C. Cristinzio, and S. S. Bassett Altered fMRI activation during mental rotation in those at genetic risk for Alzheimer disease Neurology, May 13, 2008; 70(20): 1898 - 1904. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Kumar, H. Aizenstein, and M. Ballmaier Multimodal Neuroimaging in Late-Life Mental Disorders: Entering a More Mature Phase of Clinical Neuroscience Research Am J Geriatr Psychiatry, April 1, 2008; 16(4): 251 - 254. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Xu, P. G. Antuono, J. Jones, Y. Xu, G. Wu, D. Ward, and S. -J. Li Perfusion fMRI detects deficits in regional CBF during memory-encoding tasks in MCI subjects Neurology, October 23, 2007; 69(17): 1650 - 1656. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. R. A. Mondadori, A. Buchmann, H. Mustovic, C. F. Schmidt, P. Boesiger, R. M. Nitsch, C. Hock, J. Streffer, and K. Henke Enhanced brain activity may precede the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease by 30 years Brain, November 1, 2006; 129(11): 2908 - 2922. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. A. Wishart, A. J. Saykin, T. W. McAllister, L. A. Rabin, B. C. McDonald, L. A. Flashman, R. M. Roth, A. C. Mamourian, G. J. Tsongalis, and C. H. Rhodes Regional brain atrophy in cognitively intact adults with a single APOE {varepsilon}4 allele. Neurology, October 10, 2006; 67(7): 1221 - 1224. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. A. Wishart, A. J. Saykin, L. A. Rabin, R. B. Santulli, L. A. Flashman, S. J. Guerin, A. C. Mamourian, D. R. Belloni, C. H. Rhodes, and T. W. McAllister Increased Brain Activation During Working Memory in Cognitively Intact Adults With the APOE {epsilon}4 Allele Am J Psychiatry, September 1, 2006; 163(9): 1603 - 1610. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Kempf and A. Meyer-Lindenberg Imaging Genetics and Psychiatry Focus, August 1, 2006; 4(3): 327. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Persson, L. Nyberg, J. Lind, A. Larsson, L.-G. Nilsson, M. Ingvar, and R. L. Buckner Structure-Function Correlates of Cognitive Decline in Aging Cereb Cortex, July 1, 2006; 16(7): 907 - 915. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Lind, J. Persson, M. Ingvar, A. Larsson, M. Cruts, C. Van Broeckhoven, R. Adolfsson, L. Backman, L.-G. Nilsson, K. M. Petersson, et al. Reduced functional brain activity response in cognitively intact apolipoprotein E {varepsilon}4 carriers Brain, May 1, 2006; 129(5): 1240 - 1248. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N Scarmeas, C G Habeck, J Hilton, K E Anderson, J Flynn, A Park, and Y Stern APOE related alterations in cerebral activation even at college age J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, October 1, 2005; 76(10): 1440 - 1444. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Bunce, M. Kivipelto, and A. Wahlin Apolipoprotein E, B Vitamins, and Cognitive Function in Older Adults J. Gerontol. B. Psychol. Sci. Soc. Sci., May 1, 2005; 60(1): P41 - P48. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Scarmeas, C. Habeck, K. E. Anderson, J. Hilton, D. P. Devanand, G. H. Pelton, M. H. Tabert, J. Flynn, A. Park, A. Ciappa, et al. Altered PET Functional Brain Responses in Cognitively Intact Elderly Persons at Risk for Alzheimer Disease (Carriers of the {epsilon}4 Allele) Am J Geriatr Psychiatry, December 1, 2004; 12(6): 596 - 605. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. M. Machulda, H. A. Ward, B. Borowski, J. L. Gunter, R. H. Cha, P. C. O'Brien, R. C. Petersen, B. F. Boeve, D. Knopman, D. F. Tang-Wai, et al. Comparison of memory fMRI response among normal, MCI, and Alzheimer's patients Neurology, August 26, 2003; 61(4): 500 - 506. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. D Good Dementia and ageing: Imaging in clinical neuroscience Br. Med. Bull., March 1, 2003; 65(1): 159 - 168. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Neugroschl and K. L. Davis Biological Markers in Alzheimer Disease Am J Geriatr Psychiatry, December 1, 2002; 10(6): 660 - 677. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ALL ISSUES | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
