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Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA, and the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.
The authors examine the relations between insomnia and depression using the Beck Depression Inventory and between insomnia and anxiety using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Neuroticism Extroversion Openness-Personality Inventory (NEO) in a sample of 27 community-dwelling older patients with insomnia (mean age = 70.1 years). Sleep parameters were measured using both subjective (daily sleep logs) and objective (wrist actigraph) methods. Results varied according to the method used to measure sleep: with sleep logs, longer wake after sleep onset was related to both greater depression and anxiety (NEO), and longer time in bed was related to greater anxiety (NEO); with the actigraph, longer total sleep time was related to both greater depression and anxiety, and shorter sleep onset was related to greater depression.
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A. P. Spira, L. Friedman, A. Flint, and J. I. Sheikh Interaction of Sleep Disturbances and Anxiety in Later Life: Perspectives and Recommendations for Future Research J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, June 1, 2005; 18(2): 109 - 115. [Abstract] [PDF] |
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